How to calculate MAC address? Learn all about MAC (Media Access control) Address.

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 Learn all about MAC (Media Access control) Address:

A MAC address, also known as a Media Access Control  or Physical address is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface of a device, like a computer, smartphone, or network card. It's like a digital fingerprint for that device's network connection.

  • MAC - Iphone  "00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E."

  • Physical address - laptop or computer ( network interface card has MAC address)

    •  "00-1A-2B-3C-4D-5E."

  • Hardware address - 

  • BIA (burnt in address) - Cisco Router switch)  "001A.2B3C.4D5E."


MAC address is Globally Unique. 

  • MAC address is dependent on NIC (Network Interface Card).

  • Mac address is 48 bits or 6 bytes

  • 24 bits (OUI) —> 00:1A:2B (Origination Unique identifier)

    • This first 24 bits OUI can be given to the company by IANA - International Assigned Number Authority. Companies can’t decided theirself. That’s why it will never be the same from another company’s MAC address.

  • 24 bits (vendor specific)t—->3C:4D:5E

  • It is represented in Hexadecimal format

  •  "00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E." 

    • MAC address has 48 bits and 12 hexadecimal characters

    • 1 hexadecimal  has 4 bits : 

      • like in above example 00 = 1 hexadecimal = 4 bits

      • Total is 12 hexa x 4 = 48 bits or 6 bytes.



MAC addresses are used to distinguish devices from one another on a local network, such as a Wi-Fi network or an Ethernet network. They are made up of a series of numbers and letters and are typically presented in a format like "00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E."

MAC addresses play a crucial role in how devices communicate within a network. They help routers and switches direct data to the right device and ensure that data goes to the intended recipient. While IP addresses are used for global network communication, MAC addresses are more relevant for local network communication.


Decimal,Hexadecimal and Binary table:

Decimal

Hexadecimal

How to write in binary



8

4

2

1

Hexa

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

1

1

2

2

0

0

1

0

2

3

3

0

0

1

1

3

4

4

0

1

0

0

4

5

5

0

1

0

1

5

6

6

0

1

1

0

6

7

7

0

1

1

1

7

8

8

1

0

0

0

8

9

9

1

0

0

1

9

10

A

1

0

1

0

A

11

B

1

0

1

1

B

12

C

1

1

0

0

C

13

D

1

1

0

1

D

14

E

1

1

1

0

E

15

F

1

1

1

1

F


Convert MAC or Hexadecimal address into Binary

00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E

0          0

  1      A

  2      B

  3     C

  4      D

  5     E

0000 0000

0001 1010

0010 1011

0011 1100

0100 1101

0101 1110



  • Switch has a unique MAC address.

  • Router has a MAC address of each interface.


Convert Hexa into Binary

FB:AB:B7:78:86:CC

F          B

  A      B

  B      7

  7     8

  8      6

  C     C

1111  1011

1010 1011

1011 0111

0111 1000

1000 0110

1100 1110

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